RJA #8a: Quotation, Paraphrase and Summary

Passage:

The traditional career path to becoming a professional pilot starts at a local flight school, an aeronautical college or in the military. After obtaining required licenses and certifications, the candidate builds the flight time required for an airline job by instructing or working for small commuter or night-cargo operators. In the days of three-person cockpits, the new-hire would start as a flight engineer and spend several years gaining experience while graduating to the right seat as first officer, then to the prized left seat of captain.

Aviation Week

Paragraph:

Most pilots who want to fly for an airline all start out with the same training wether it be civillian or military. The training to become an airline pilot takes many years and a lot of money. On average you must have 2,000 hours in order to be a pilot for any airline and a lot of those hours must be PIC (pilot in command) and once you are hired into the airlines, your training has just begun. As stated by Frances "the new-hire would start as a flight engineer and spend several years gaining experience while graduating to the right seat as first officer, then to the prized left seat of captain." It is a long road and very few who start pilot training actually make it this far.

Paraphrase:

The average course a pilot takes to becoming an airline pilot or corporate pilot begins at a flight school, a place of higher education specializing in aviation or in the armed forces. Once the pilot gains certain ratings, he or she obtains logable flight time in order to become a professional pilot by becoming a flight instructor or getting hired for a regional or cargo flight company. Before cockpits were computerized like they are now, there was the captain, first officer and flight engineer in the cockpit. A new comer to the airline industry would begin as a flight engineer, learning the operations of the aircraft before becoming the first officer and then becoming the captain of the aircraft.

Summary:

Most pilots start their flying careers at a flight school, aeronautical college or in the military. Once all of the licenses are obtained he or she gains flight time from various jobs such as flight instructing to gain time for the airlines. When airliners were equipped with three person cockpits, the new hire would begin work as the flight engineer before becoming the first officer and then the captain.